In a small pilot study, 12 women with endometrial cancer (cancer of the uterus) and 12 women with no apparent disease were contacted and asked whether they had ever used estrogen. Each woman with cancer was matched by age, race, weight, and parity to a woman without disease. What kind of study design is this?
a. Prospective cohort study
b. Retrospective cohort study
c. Case-control study
d. Cross-sectional study
e. Experimental study
Answer: c. Case-control study