1. tidal volume = 500 mL
2. residual volume = 1000 mL
3. inspiratory reserve volume = 2500 mL
4. expiratory reserve volume = 1000 mL
5. dead air space = 100 mL
6. respiratory rate = 20 times/minuteThe alveolar ventilation (VA) for this individual is
a. 10.0 L/minute
b. 8.0 L/minute
c. 6.0 L/minute
d. 2.5 L/minute
e. 1.0 L/minute
Answer: B
Given this information:
1. tidal volume = 500 mL
2. residual volume = 1000 mL
3. inspiratory reserve volume = 2500 mL
4. expiratory reserve volume = 1000 mL
5. dead air space = 100 mL
6. respiratory rate = 20 times/minute
a. 20.0 L/minute
b. 10.0 L/minute
c. 7.0 L/minute
d. 4.0 L/minute
e. 2.0 L/minute
Answer: B
a. minute ventilation.
b. anatomical dead air space.
c. physiological dead air space.
d. alveolar ventilation.
e. total lung capacity.
Answer: D
a. 3500mL.
b. 3000mL.
c. 1500mL.
d. 1000mL.
e. 500mL.
Answer: E
a. expiratory reserve volume
b. inspiratory reserve volume
c. residual volume
d. tidal volume
e. vital capacity
Answer: E
a. airway obstruction
b. emphysema
c. fibrosis of lungs
d. pulmonary edema
e. all of these
Answer: B
a. easier.
b. more difficult.
c. unaffected.
Answer: A
1. air flows into the lungs
2. alveolar volume increases
3. thoracic volume increases
4. pleural pressure decreases
5. alveolar pressure decreases
a. 1,2,3,4,5
b. 2,5,1,3,4
c. 3,4,2,5,1
d. 4,5,2,1,3
e. 5,1,3,4,2
Answer: C
a. alveolar
b. barometric
c. partial
d. pleural
e. tracheal
Answer: D
a. equal to
b. greater than
c. less than
Answer: A
a. reduces surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli.
b. increases pleural pressure.
c. decreases alveolar pressure.
d. makes inspiration more difficult.
e. can cause a pneumothorax.
Answer: A
a. barometric pressure.
b. pleural pressure.
c. surface tension of the fluid that lines the alveoli.
d. surfactant secretion in the alveoli.
e. the pneumothorax principle.
Answer: C
a. decreases, contracts
b. decreases, relaxes
c. increases, contracts
d. increases, relaxes
Answer: B
a. greater than
b. less than
c. equal to
Answer: A
a. decreases.
b. increases.
c. is unchanged.
Answer: A
a. holds the visceral and parietal pleural membranes together.
b. prevents the lungs from overinflating.
c. helps fill the pleural cavity.
d. increases diffusion rates in the lungs.
e. prevents the lungs from leaking.
Answer: A
a. inside the terminal bronchioles.
b. on the surface of the lung.
c. on the walls of the thorax, diaphragm, and mediastinum.
d. in the trachea and bronchi.
Answer: B
a. diaphragm
b. external intercostal muscles
c. internal intercostal muscles
d. pectoralis minor muscles
e. sternocleidomastoid muscles
Answer: C
1. alveolar duct
2. alveolus
3. respiratory bronchiole
4. terminal bronchiole
a. 1,2,3,4
b. 2,3,4,1
c. 3,4,1,2
d. 3,1,2,4
e. 4,3,1,2
Answer: E
a. primary bronchus
b. secondary bronchus
c. terminal bronchiole
d. larynx
e. trachea
Answer: C
