a. be actively transported into the blood.
b. diffuse into the blood.
c. appear in the urine.
d. cause a backflow of filtrate from Bowman's capsule into the glomerulus.
e. be broken down by carbonic anhydrase.
Answer: C
a. increased ADH secretion.
b. increased thirst.
c. increased salt appetite.
d. increased peripheral resistance.
e. all of these
Answer: E
a. increased ADH secretion
b. increased atrial natriuretic hormone secretion
c. increased aldosterone secretion
d. decreased blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries
Answer: e. sympathetic stimulation of the renal arteries
a. increased aldosterone secretion.
b. increased permeability of the collecting ducts of the nephrons.
c. decreased urine osmolality.
d. increased urine volume.
e. both c and d
Answer: E
a. ADH.
b. oxytocin.
c. renin.
d. aldosterone.
e. angiotensin
Answer: C
a. proximal tubule, distal tubule
b. proximal tubule, descending limb of the loop of Henle
c. descending limb of the loop of Henle, ascending limb of the loop of Henle
d. ascending limb of the loop of Henle, descending limb of the loop of Henle
e. collecting duct, descending limb of the loop of Henle
Answer: E
a. proximal tubule and distal tubule.
b. loop of Henle and vasa recta.
c. distal tubule and collecting duct.
d. glomerulus and Bowman's capsule.
e. glomerulus and collecting duct.
Answer: B
a. H+ ions
b. Na+ ions
c. glucose
d. amino acids
e. Cl- ions
Answer: A
a. less, decreases
b. less, increases
c. more, decreases
d. more, increases
Answer: B
a. Bowman's capsule
b. proximal tubule
c. bottom of the loop of Henle
d. distal tubule
e. top of the collecting duct
Answer: C
a. amino acids.
b. fructose.
c. Na+ ions.
d. penicillin.
e. Ca2+ ions.
Answer: D
a. ADH.
b. aldosterone.
c. atrial natriuretic factor.
d. carrier molecules.
e. sodium ions.
Answer: A
a. K+ ions and Cl- ions
b. K+ ions and Mg2+ ions
c. Ca2+ ions and K+ ions
d. Ca2+ ions and Cl- ions
e. Ca2+ ions and Mg2+ ions
Answer: A
a. 99%.
b. 80%.
c. 65%.
d. 19%.
e. 15%.
Answer: C
a. Ca2+ ions
b. Cl- ions
c. H+ ions
d. Mg2+ ions
e. Na+ ions
Answer: E
a. Ca2+ ions.
b. Cl- ions.
c. K+ ions.
d. Mg2+ ions.
e. Na+ ions.
Answer: E
a. cotransport, cotransport
b. cotransport, facilitated diffusion
c. counter transport, cotransport
d. facilitated diffusion, cotransport
e. primary active transport, cotransport
Answer: B
a. into, into
b. into, out of
c. out of, into
d. out of, out of
Answer: C
a. decreased colloid osmotic pressure.
b. increased colloid osmotic pressure.
c. increased glomerular capillary pressure.
d. decreased filtration pressure.
e. increased tubular reabsorption.
Answer: A
a. 99%
b. 95%
c. 80%
d. 65%
e. 19%
Answer: A
