____ aid in the coordination of the activities of adjacent animal cells.

____ aid in the coordination of the activities of adjacent animal cells.

A) Plasmodesmata
B) Desmosomes
C) Tight junctions
D) Keratin fibers
E) Gap (communicating) junctions


Answer: E

The primary role of _____ is to bind animal cells together.

The primary role of _____ is to bind animal cells together.

A) tight junctions
B) the cytoskeleton
C) plasmodesmata
D) gap (communicating) junctions
E) desmosomes


Answer: E) The primary role of desmosomes (anchoring junctions) is to bind cells together

Which of these cell junctions form a barrier to the passage of materials?

Which of these cell junctions form a barrier to the passage of materials?

A) desmosomes (anchoring junctions)
B) gap (communicating) junctions
C) plasmodesmata
D) keratin fibers
E) tight junctions


Answer: E) Tight junctions form a barrier that prevents fluids from moving between cells.

Which structure is not part of the endomembrane system?

Which structure is not part of the endomembrane system?

A) plasma membrane
B) chloroplast
C) Golgi apparatus
D) nuclear envelope
E) ER


Answer: B

Which of these organelles produces H2O2 as a by-product?

Which of these organelles produces H2O2 as a by-product?

A) peroxisome
B) centrioles
C) nucleus
D) flagellum
E) mitochondrion


Answer: A) Peroxisomes produce hydrogen peroxide as a by-product of their metabolic processes

____ is/are identical in structure to centrioles.

____ is/are identical in structure to centrioles.

A) Mitochondria
B) Nuclear envelopes
C) Basal bodies
D) Microfilaments
E) Chromatin


Answer: C) Basal bodies and centrioles have identical structures.

Which of these are hollow rods that shape and support the cell?

Which of these are hollow rods that shape and support the cell?

A) microtubules
B) microfilaments
C) plasma membrane
D) peroxisomes
E) chloroplasts


Answer: A) Microtubules are rods that also play a role in organelle movement.

Where is calcium stored?

Where is calcium stored?

A) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
B) rough endoplasmic reticulum
C) microtubules
D) centrioles
E) mitochondria


Answer: A) In addition to storing calcium, the smooth ER also plays a role in detoxification and lipid synthesis

The _____ is a selective barrier, regulating the passage of material into and out of the cell.

The _____ is a selective barrier, regulating the passage of material into and out of the cell.

A) plasma membrane
B) nuclear envelope
C) lysosome
D) nucleus
E) chloroplast


Answer: A) The plasma membrane regulates the passage of material into and out of the cell

Which of these manufactures cellular membranes by adding membrane proteins and phospholipids to its own membrane?

Which of these manufactures cellular membranes by adding membrane proteins and phospholipids to its own membrane?

A) nucleolus
B) lysosomes
C) Golgi apparatus
D) ribosomes
E) rough endoplasmic reticulum


Answer: E) As membrane proteins grow from ribosomes on rough ER, the proteins are embedded into the rough ER membrane

____ are the sites of protein synthesis.

____ are the sites of protein synthesis.

A) Microfilaments
B) Peroxisomes
C) Mitochondria
D) Golgi apparatuses
E) Ribosomes


Answer: E) Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis.

Ribosomal subunits are manufactured by the _____.

Ribosomal subunits are manufactured by the _____.

A) peroxisome
B) lysosome
C) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
D) nucleolus
E) rough endoplasmic reticulum


Answer: D) Ribosomes are manufactured by the nucleolus

The _____ is composed of DNA and protein.

The _____ is composed of DNA and protein.

A) ribosome
B) flagellum
C) centriole
D) mitochondrion
E) chromatin


Answer: E) Chromatin is composed of DNA and protein

Which of these organelles carries out cellular respiration?

Which of these organelles carries out cellular respiration?

A) chromatin
B) mitochondrion
C) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
D) nucleolus
E) ribosomes


Answer: B) Mitochondria convert the chemical energy of organic molecules to chemical energy in the form of ATP

What is the most likely pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell?

What is the most likely pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell?

A) ER →Golgi →vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane
B) ER →lysosomes →vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane
C) ER →Golgi →nucleus
D) nucleus →ER →Golgi
E) Golgi →ER →lysosome


Answer: A

Which cell would be best for studying lysosomes?

Which cell would be best for studying lysosomes?

A) muscle cell
B) nerve cell
C) bacterial cell
D) leaf cell of a plant
E) phagocytic white blood cell


Answer: E

Which of the following are common traits of chloroplasts and mitochondria?

Which of the following are common traits of chloroplasts and mitochondria?

A) Both are found in plant and animal cells.
B) Both are surrounded by a single membrane.
C) Both have their own DNA.
D) Both reproduce by meiosis.
E) Proteins for both are synthesized on ribosomes in the rough ER.


Answer: C) Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own DNA and ribosomes

Which one of the following statements about the endomembrane system is correct?

Which one of the following statements about the endomembrane system is correct?

A) Most of the phospholipids of the endomembrane system are synthesized in the mitochondria.
B) The endoplasmic reticulum is continuous with the plasma membrane.
C) Mitochondria function in the modification and sorting of lipids and proteins.
D) Proteins that will be secreted from the cell are likely to be found in closed spaces bounded by membranes of the endomembrane system.
E) Ribosomes move lipids and proteins among the different organelles of the endomembrane system.


Answer: D) Proteins that will be secreted are always enclosed by some membrane of the endomembrane system until they are secreted.

Which of the following correctly matches an organelle with its function?

Which of the following correctly matches an organelle with its function?

A) nucleus ... cellular respiration
B) mitochondrion ... photosynthesis
C) central vacuole ... storage
D) lysosome ... movement
E) ribosome ... manufacture of lipids


Answer: C) But remember, plant cells have a central vacuole, whereas most animal cells have several smaller vacuoles located throughout the cytoplasm

Nucleoplasmin is a nuclear protein. This protein was divided into two segments and linked to the same large cytoplasmic protein, generating two fusion proteins. After injecting these fusion proteins into a cell, one of the proteins was found in the nucleus and the other in the cytoplasm. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from these results?

Nucleoplasmin is a nuclear protein. This protein was divided into two segments and linked to the same large cytoplasmic protein, generating two fusion proteins. After injecting these fusion proteins into a cell, one of the proteins was found in the nucleus and the other in the cytoplasm. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from these results?

A) Only one of the two fusion proteins possesses a nuclear localization signal.
B) The cytoplasmic protein contains a nuclear localization signal.
C) One of the fusion proteins entered the nucleus by passive transport.
D) Nucleoplasmin does not have a nuclear localization signal.


Answer: A) The nuclear localization signal is only present in the fusion protein that enters the nucleus