Varicose veins are caused by:

Varicose veins are caused by:

A) a loss of elasticity in blood vessels
B) the accumulation of fatty substances within blood vessels
C) excessive production of the enzyme renin
D) incompetent venous valves
E) orthostatic hypotension

Answer: D

Substances tend to leave the bloodstream at the arterial end of the capillary because:

Substances tend to leave the bloodstream at the arterial end of the capillary because:

A) the osmotic pressure of the blood is higher at the arterial end of the capillary
B) the osmotic pressure of the blood is higher at the venular end of the capillary
C) blood pressure is higher at the arterial end of the capillary
D) blood pressure is higher at the venular end of the capillary
E) interstitial pressure is higher at the arterial end of the capillary

Answer: C

Which one of the following are the main functions of renin and angiotensin II:

Which one of the following are the main functions of renin and angiotensin II:

A) blood pressure rises this causes vasoconstriction and further increases blood pressure
B) blood pressure rises this causes vasoconstriction and a decrease in blood pressure
C) blood pressure rises this causes vasodilation and a decrease in blood pressure
D) blood pressure falls this causes vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure
E) blood pressure falls this causes vasodilation and an increase in blood pressure

Answer: D

Which one of the following is the main function of renin and aldosterone:

Which one of the following is the main function of renin and aldosterone:

A) they are produced whenever blood pressure rises and ultimately cause an increase in blood volume and blood pressure
B) they are produced whenever blood pressure rises and ultimately cause a decrease in blood volume and blood pressure
C) they are produced when blood pressure rises and have no long-term effect on blood volume and blood pressure
D) they are produced whenever blood pressure falls and ultimately cause an increase in blood volume and blood pressure
E) they are produced whenever blood pressure falls and ultimately cause a decrease in blood volume and blood pressure

Answer: D

Generalized vasoconstriction occurs as a result of:

Generalized vasoconstriction occurs as a result of:

A) an increase in parasympathetic nervous system firing
B) a decrease in parasympathetic nervous system firing
C) an increase in sympathetic nervous system firing
D) a decrease in sympathetic nervous system firing
E) an increase in blood pressure

Answer: C

The friction blood encounters as it flows through the vessels is called:

The friction blood encounters as it flows through the vessels is called:

A) cardiac output
B) stroke volume
C) peripheral resistance
D) blood pressure
E) diastolic pressure

Answer: C

In which one of the following blood vessels is blood pressure the highest:

In which one of the following blood vessels is blood pressure the highest:

A) veins
B) capillaries
C) vena cava
D) arteries
E) arterioles

Answer: D

Which one of the following areas is NOT a pressure point:

Which one of the following areas is NOT a pressure point:

A) renal artery
B) radial artery
C) facial artery
D) dorsalis pedis artery
E) posterior tibial artery

Answer: A

Which one of the following blood vessels in the fetus has the highest concentration of oxygen:

Which one of the following blood vessels in the fetus has the highest concentration of oxygen:

A) umbilical arteries
B) inferior vena cava
C) ductus venosus
D) ductus arteriosus
E) left atrium

Answer: C

The umbilical vein carries:

The umbilical vein carries:

A) metabolic wastes and carbon dioxide from the fetus to the placenta
B) metabolic wastes and carbon dioxide from the placenta to the fetus
C) oxygen and nutrients from the fetus to the placenta
D) oxygen and nutrients from the placenta to the fetus
E) blood from the navel into the inferior vena cava

Answer: D

The brachial vein:

The brachial vein:

A) drains blood from the radial and ulnar veins, then empties that blood into the axillary vein
B) drains blood from the internal jugular vein, then empties that blood into the superior vena cava
C) drains blood from the popliteal vein, then empties that blood into the external iliac vein
D) drains blood from the axillary vein, then empties that blood into the superior vena cava
E) drains blood from the popliteal vein, then empties that blood into the femoral vein

Answer: A

The external iliac vein receives blood from all of the following EXCEPT:

The external iliac vein receives blood from all of the following EXCEPT:

A) anterior tibial vein
B) fibular vein
C) popliteal vein
D) femoral vein
E) vertebral vein

Answer: E

The right and left renal veins empty blood from the:

The right and left renal veins empty blood from the:

A) kidneys
B) common iliac vein
C) inferior vena cava
D) hepatic portal vein
E) vertebral vein

Answer: C

Blood travels to the stomach by way of the branch of the celiac trunk called the:

Blood travels to the stomach by way of the branch of the celiac trunk called the:

A) left gastric atery
B) splenic artery
C) common hepatic artery
D) superior mesenteric artery
E) inferior mesenteric artery

Answer: A

The carotid artery is located in the:

The carotid artery is located in the:

A) armpit
B) groin
C) neck
D) abdomen
E) leg

Answer: C

Which of these pathways correctly traces blood as it travels from the aortic arch to the left arm:

Which of these pathways correctly traces blood as it travels from the aortic arch to the left arm:

A) aortic arch, brachiocephalic trunk, right common carotid artery
B) aortic arch, left common carotid artery, left internal carotid artery
C) aortic arch, left subclavian artery, left axillary artery, left brachial artery
D) ascending aorta, right coronary arteries
E) abdominal aorta, celiac trunk, left gastric artery

Answer: C

Which of these arteries is NOT a branch of the abdominal aorta:

Which of these arteries is NOT a branch of the abdominal aorta:

A) renal arteries
B) left common carotid artery
C) inferior mesenteric artery
D) common iliac arteries
E) gonadal arteries

Answer: B

Which one of the following does NOT receive blood directly from the aortic arch:

Which one of the following does NOT receive blood directly from the aortic arch:

A) brachiocephalic artery
B) left subclavian artery
C) left common carotid artery
D) right common carotid artery
E) thoracic aorta

Answer: D

Which of the following blood vessels is a direct branch of the ascending aorta:

Which of the following blood vessels is a direct branch of the ascending aorta:

A) right subclavian artery
B) carotid artery
C) right coronary artery
D) left coronary artery
E) both the right and left coronary arteries

Answer: E

Which one is the correct sequence going from the outermost to the innermost layer of a blood vessel wall:

Which one is the correct sequence going from the outermost to the innermost layer of a blood vessel wall:

A) tunica media, tunica intima, tunica externa
B) tunica media, tunica externa, tunica intima
C) tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intima
D) tunica externa, tunica intima, tunica media
E) tunica intima, tunica media, tunica externa

Answer: C