Which of these structures is NOT found in the mediastinum?
a. esophagus
b. heart
c. lung
d. thymus gland
e. trachea
Answer: C
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Cardiovascular
- Excess K+ ions in cardiac tissue cause heart rate and stroke volume to __________ and decreased extracellular K+ ions result in a __________ in heart rate.
- Generally, an increase in extracellular Ca2+ ions causes __________ force of contraction, and __________ heart rate.
- Increased sympathetic stimulation of the heart
- If blood pH decreases and blood carbon dioxide increases,
- When normal arterial blood pressure decreases, baroreceptors cause a response that
- Parasympathetic nerve fibers
- Increased venous return to the heart causes increased
- Preload
- If the heart rate for a patient is 80 bpm, and her stroke volume is 70 mL/beat, then her cardiac output is
- The second heart sound, described as "dupp" is actually the sound of the
- During the period of ejection, the left ventricular pressure reaches a high point of approximately
- The average end-diastolic volume of the ventricles is about __________ , whereas the end-systolic volume is about __________ .
- At the end of __________ , the ventricles are 70% filled.
- Blood flows neither into nor out of the ventricles during
- During the period of ejection in the cardiac cycle, the atrioventricular valves are __________ and the semilunar valves are __________ .
- Which of these conditions is most likely to cause bradycardia?
- During the QT interval of the EKG, the
- In an EKG, the P wave represents
- Which of these conditions results in a prepotential in pacemaker cells?
- Unlike other cardiac muscle cells, the movement of __________ into the pacemaker cells is primarily responsible for the depolarization phase of the action potential.
- Which of these conditions occurs in the cardiac muscle cell during the final repolarization phase?
- Which of these conditions occur in the cardiac muscle cell during the plateau phase?
- Early repolarization of cardiac muscle cells occurs when
- The depolarization phase of the cardiac muscle action potential occurs when
- Action potentials pass rapidly from one cardiac muscle cell to another because of