In humans, the __________ determine(s) the sex of the sex of the offspring.a. fatherb. autosomesc. ratio of older brothers to sisterd. motherAnswer:&...
Gregor Mendel used pea plants to study
Gregor Mendel used pea plants to studya. gamete formation.b. flowering.c. cross-pollination.d. the inheritance of traits.Answer:&nbs...
Two gametes come together in the process of fertilization to form a ______________.
Two gametes come together in the process of fertilization to form a ______________.Answer: zyg...
Gregor Mendel concluded that traits are
Gregor Mendel concluded that traits are a. not inherited by offspring.b. determined by recessive factors only.c. determined by dominant factors only.d....
If an organism's haploid number is 36, its diploid number is
If an organism's haploid number is 36, its diploid number isa. 18b. 24c. 72d. 12Answer:&nbs...
How many viable ova (eggs) result from meiosis in a female?
How many viable ova (eggs) result from meiosis in a female?a. 2b. 4c. 3d. 1Answer:&nbs...
Which of the following is NOT a type of genetic disorder?
Which of the following is NOT a type of genetic disorder?a. autosomal b. disjunctionc. trisomyd. sex-linkedAnswer:&nbs...
An organism with a dominant allele for a particular form of a simple-dominance trait will _________ exhibit that trait.
An organism with a dominant allele for a particular form of a simple-dominance trait will _________ exhibit that trait.a. alwaysb. rarelyc. neverd. s...
The trait tat physically shows up to an organism is its
The trait tat physically shows up to an organism is itsa. genotype.b. phenotype.c. prototype.d. allele.Answer:&nbs...
What percentage of human sperm cells carry an X chromosome?
What percentage of human sperm cells carry an X chromosome?a. 0%b. 25%c. 100%d. 50%Answer:&nbs...
A specialized cell found in reproductive organs that is able to divide by meiosis is called a(n)
A specialized cell found in reproductive organs that is able to divide by meiosis is called a(n)a. germ cell.b. gamete.c. Barr body.d. ovumAnswer:&nb...
Which of the following statements is true?
Which of the following statements is true?a. Females cannot have hemophilia.b. A sex-linked allele cannot be dominant.c. A colorblind girl's father must...
When Mendel allowed the tall F1 pea plants (Tt) to self-pollinate,
When Mendel allowed the tall F1 pea plants (Tt) to self-pollinate,a. some of the offspring were short.b. all of the offspring were short.c. all of the...
Roan cattle show codominance for the color of their hair. There are alleles for red hair and white hair. What would you expect a heterozygous roan bull to look like if the trait showed incomplete dominance instead? It would probably be
Roan cattle show codominance for the color of their hair. There are alleles for red hair and white hair. What would you expect a heterozygous roan bull...
How many different allele combinations would be found in the gametes produces by pea plant whose genotype was TtRr?
How many different allele combinations would be found in the gametes produces by pea plant whose genotype was TtRr?a. 8b. 4c. 2d. 16Answer:&nbs...
Which of the following is NOT a disorder that has something to do with sex chromosomes?
Which of the following is NOT a disorder that has something to do with sex chromosomes?a. Klinefelter's syndromeb. Muscular dystrophyc. Turner's syndromed....
Offspring that result from crosses between parents who are pure-breeds for different traits are called
Offspring that result from crosses between parents who are pure-breeds for different traits are calleda. hybridsb. true-breedsc. mutantsd. thoroughbr...
Which of the following can be observed in a karyotype?
Which of the following can be observed in a karyotype?a, genesb. an extra chromosomec. allelesd. a change in DNA baseAnswer:&nbs...
In the P generation, a tall plant was crossed with a short plant. Short plants reappeared in the F2 generation because
In the P generation, a tall plant was crossed with a short plant. Short plants reappeared in the F2 generation becausea. the allele for shortness becomes...
Which of the following combinations of sex chromosomes represents a female?
Which of the following combinations of sex chromosomes represents a female?a. XXYb. XXXYc. Xd. XYAnswer:&nbs...
Colorblindness is more common in males than in females because
Colorblindness is more common in males than in females becausea. the allele for colorblindness is recessive a and located on the X chromosome.b. males...
A Punnett square shows all of the following EXCEPT
A Punnett square shows all of the following EXCEPTa. the alleles in the gametes of each parent.b. the actual results of a genetic cross.c. all possible...
You perform a test-cross when you do not know an organism's
You perform a test-cross when you do not know an organism'sa. dominant trait.b. phenotype.c. recessive trait.d. genotype.Answer:&nbs...
Which of the following genotypes result in the same phenotype?
Which of the following genotypes result in the same phenotype?a. RR and WWb. RR and RWc. BB and Bbd. Aa and aaAnswer:&nbs...
A tall plant (TT) is crossed with a short plant (tt). Two of the offspring from this cross are then crossed. About what percentage of the offspring from the F2 generation will be tall?
A tall plant (TT) is crossed with a short plant (tt). Two of the offspring from this cross are then crossed. About what percentage of the offspring from...
The failure of chromosomes to separate during mitosis is called
The failure of chromosomes to separate during mitosis is calleda. crossoverb. polygenic inheritancec. nondisjunctiond. disjunctionAnswer:&nbs...
Which of the following is TRUE of the process of meiosis?
Which of the following is TRUE of the process of meiosis?a. Four haploid cells result.b. Four autosomes result.c. Two diploid cells result.d. Four diploid...
Gregor Mendel's principles of genetics apply to
Gregor Mendel's principles of genetics apply toa. pea plants onlyb. plants onlyc. animals onlyd. all organismsAnswer:&nbs...
What principles states that during gamete formation genes for different traits separate without influencing each other's inheritance?
What principles states that during gamete formation genes for different traits separate without influencing each other's inheritance?a. principle of independent...
Human blood can be either A, B, AB, or O, depending on the pairing of genes. This type of inheritance is known as
Human blood can be either A, B, AB, or O, depending on the pairing of genes. This type of inheritance is known asa. tetronomy.b. multiple alleles.c. polygenic...
If a pea plant's alleles for height are tt, what is true of its parents?
If a pea plant's alleles for height are tt, what is true of its parents?a. Both parents contributes a dominant allele.b. Both parents were tall.c. Both...
How many chromosomes are shown in a normal karyotype?
How many chromosomes are shown in a normal karyotype?a. 2b. 46c. 44d. 23Answer:&nbs...
Most sex-linked genes are located on
Most sex-linked genes are located ona. the autosomes.b. the X chromosome only.c. both the X and Y chromosomes.d. the Y chromosome only.Answer:&nbs...
Which of the following form(s) a Barr body?
Which of the following form(s) a Barr body?a. one of the X chromosomes in a female cellb. one of the Y chromosomes in a male cellc. one of the X chromosomes...
Variations in human height is an example of
Variations in human height is an example ofa. polygenic traitsb. multiple allelesc. codominanced. incomplete dominanceAnswer:&nbs...
Which of the following theories best explains the mass extinction of the dinosaurs?
Which of the following theories best explains the mass extinction of the dinosaurs?A - Descent with modificationB - GradualismC - CatastrophismD - UniformismE...
On the Hawaiian Islands, there are several species that are similar and resemble a common ancestor. Each island has a slightly different ecosystem. Which of the following best explains how these different species came to be?
On the Hawaiian Islands, there are several species that are similar and resemble a common ancestor. Each island has a slightly different ecosystem. Which...
The life that the Earth is constantly changing and. therefore. life on Earth is continually evolving is.
The life that the Earth is constantly changing and. therefore. life on Earth is continually evolving is.A - GradualismB - CatastrophismC - Mass ExtinctionD...
What organelles in eukaryotic cells are thought to have originated from prokaryotic cells?
What organelles in eukaryotic cells are thought to have originated from prokaryotic cells?A - Mitochondria and ribosomesB - Nucleus and centriolesC -...
What term best describes change over time?
What term best describes change over time?A - EvolutionB - UniformismC - StatusD - ExtinctionE - GeologyAnswer: A - Evolut...
Scientists have found fossils that show a sudden appearance of a new organism after decades of no change. Which form of evolutionary change best explains this?
Scientists have found fossils that show a sudden appearance of a new organism after decades of no change. Which form of evolutionary change best explains...
Which of the following best describes an endosymbiont?
Which of the following best describes an endosymbiont?A - A cell that lives within another cellB - A cell capable of aerobic respirationC - The host cell...
The theory of endosymbiosis best explains.
The theory of endosymbiosis best explains.A - How eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells are very similarB - How prokaryotic cells evolved from protobiontsC...
Cells that are simple and contain no membrane bound organelles are called.
Cells that are simple and contain no membrane bound organelles are called.A - EukaryoticB - ProkaryoticC - Animal cellsD - Plant cellsE - ProtobiontsAnswer: B...
Which of the following is NOT evidence for the endosymbiosis theory?
Which of the following is NOT evidence for the endosymbiosis theory?A - Mitochondria and chloroplasts have DNA that is similar to that found in the nucleus B...
The time period in Earth's history that saw the greatest increase in both the number and diversity of species is the.
The time period in Earth's history that saw the greatest increase in both the number and diversity of species is the.A - PrecambrianB - Cambrian periodC...
What method is used to determine the specific age of a rock or fossil?
What method is used to determine the specific age of a rock or fossil?A - Strata analysisB - Relative datingC - Geo-transformationD - Radioactive datingAnswer: D...
The Archean and Proterozoic eons are regrouped together as.
The Archean and Proterozoic eons are regrouped together as.A - PrecambrianB - PhanerozoicC - PaleozoicD - CambrianAnswer: A - Precambr...
What type of event separates the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras from one another in the Phanerozoic eon?
What type of event separates the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras from one another in the Phanerozoic eon?A - The loss of single-celled organismsB...
What scientist is credited with the idea that early life on Earth formed through series of reactions that made simple compounds gradually more complex?
What scientist is credited with the idea that early life on Earth formed through series of reactions that made simple compounds gradually more complex?A...
Which answer choice correctly orders the three major eons of Earth's history, from the oldest to the most recent?
Which answer choice correctly orders the three major eons of Earth's history, from the oldest to the most recent?A - Phanerozoic, Archean, ProterozoicB...
Small, non-living droplets that can regulate their internal environments are best known as _________.
Small, non-living droplets that can regulate their internal environments are best known as _________.A - AntibioticsB - Eukaryotic cellsC - ProtobiontsD...
Scientists agree that Earth is about how old?
Scientists agree that Earth is about how old?A - Less than 100,000 million wears oldB - Less than 10,000 million years oldC - Over 4 billion years oldD...
Miller and Urey used all of the following substances to stimulate Earth's early atmosphere EXCEPT _________.
Miller and Urey used all of the following substances to stimulate Earth's early atmosphere EXCEPT _________.A - Water vaporB - OxygenC - HydrogenD - MethaneE...
Photosynthesis is to chloroplasts as cellular respiration is to
Photosynthesis is to chloroplasts as cellular respiration is toAnswer: mitochond...
During the Calvin Cycle, molecules of__________ supply the carbon component of carbohydrates.
During the Calvin Cycle, molecules of__________ supply the carbon component of carbohydrates.Answer: ...
The protein hormone that enables cells to absorb glucose is called _____________. If the body does not produce sufficient levels of this hormone, it brings on a disease known as ______________.
The protein hormone that enables cells to absorb glucose is called _____________. If the body does not produce sufficient levels of this hormone, it brings...
Which pathway represents the flow of electrons during photosynthesis?
Which pathway represents the flow of electrons during photosynthesis?a. O2--> ADP--> Calvin cycleb. Photosystem I--> Calvin cycle--> NADP+c....
Cells keep only a small amount of ____________ on hand and regenerate (or "recharge") it as needed by using carbohydrates.
Cells keep only a small amount of ____________ on hand and regenerate (or "recharge") it as needed by using carbohydrates.Answer: ...
Muscles are supplied with a storage form of glucose called __________.
Muscles are supplied with a storage form of glucose called __________.Answer: glyco...
The pigment chlorophyll is located in the membranes of the thin, stacked discs (NOT the WHOLE stack itself) called _____________.
The pigment chlorophyll is located in the membranes of the thin, stacked discs (NOT the WHOLE stack itself) called _____________.Answer: thylako...
The energy needed to win a 1-minute footrace is produced mostly by
The energy needed to win a 1-minute footrace is produced mostly bya. using up stores of ATP.b. breaking down fats.c. cellular respiration.d. lactic acid...
Which of the following foods is NOT made, in part, by the process of fermentation?
Which of the following foods is NOT made, in part, by the process of fermentation?a. noodlesb. cheesec. wined. breade. yogurtAnswer:&nbs...
In eukaryotes, ETC occurs in the
In eukaryotes, ETC occurs in thea. inner mitochondrial membrane.b. cell membrane.c. nucleus.d. cytoplasm.Answer:&nbs...
The conversion of pyruvic acid requires
The conversion of pyruvic acid requiresa. ATPb. alcoholc. oxygend. NADHAnswer:&nbs...
Which of the following passes high energy electrons into the ETC?
Which of the following passes high energy electrons into the ETC?a. NADH and ATPb. pyruvic acidc. NADH anf FADH2d. ATP and NADPHAnswer:&nbs...
What is the term used for the energy pathway in which glucose is degraded to carbon dioxide and water?
What is the term used for the energy pathway in which glucose is degraded to carbon dioxide and water?a. cellular respirationb. Krebs cyclec. glycolysisd....
Which of the following is NOT a factor in endurance?
Which of the following is NOT a factor in endurance?a. toleranceb. oxygen intake efficiencyc. carbon dioxide output rated. glycogen levelsAnswer:&nbs...
Which of the following is a product of the light-dependent reactions?
Which of the following is a product of the light-dependent reactions?a. carbon dioxide gasb. ATPc. NADHd. all of the aboveAnswer:&nbs...
Where are photosystems I and II found?
Where are photosystems I and II found?a. in the thylakoid membraneb. in the Calvin cyclec. in the stromad. in the cell membraneAnswer:&nbs...
A plant has a unique photosynthetic pigment. The leaves of this plant appear to be reddish-yellow. What wavelengths of visible light are NOT being absorbed by this pigment?
A plant has a unique photosynthetic pigment. The leaves of this plant appear to be reddish-yellow. What wavelengths of visible light are NOT being absorbed...
If carbon dioxide is removed from a plant's environment, what would you expect to happen to the plant's production of high-energy sugars?
If carbon dioxide is removed from a plant's environment, what would you expect to happen to the plant's production of high-energy sugars?a. Fewer sugars...
The Krebs cycle starts with
The Krebs cycle starts witha. lactic acid and yields carbon dioxide.b. glucose and yields lactic acid.c. glucose and yields 32-34 ATPs.d. pyretic acid...
Plants exchange gases with the atmosphere
Plants exchange gases with the atmospherea. through the top of their leaves.b. through their roots.c. through their stems.d. through the bottom of their...
What are the products of the light-dependent reactions?
What are the products of the light-dependent reactions?a. ATP, NADPH, and oxygen gasb. oxygen gas and glucosec. ATP, carbon dioxide gas, and NADPHd. carbon...
What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?
What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?a. synthesize simple sugars from CO2b. split water and release O2c. use NADPH to release CO2.d. use ATP...
The function of both alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation is to convert
The function of both alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation is to converta. FADH2 to FAD+b. NADH to NAD+c. FAD+ to FADH2d. NAD+ to NADHA...
The Krebs cycle does not occur if
The Krebs cycle does not occur ifa. fermentation occurs.b. carbon dioxide is present.c. oxygen is present.d. glycolysis occurs.Answer:&nbs...
Which of the following is NOT a true statement about ATP?
Which of the following is NOT a true statement about ATP? a. ATP provides energy for the mechanical functions of cells.b. Used ATP is discarded by...
How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis almost opposite processes?
How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis almost opposite processes?a. Photosynthesis releases energy, and cellular respiration stores energy.b....
Organisms that cannot make their own food and thus obtain energy from the foods they eat are called
Organisms that cannot make their own food and thus obtain energy from the foods they eat are calleda. thylakoidsb. autotrophsc. heterotrophsd. plants...
Which of the following is NOT true?
Which of the following is NOT true?a. NADH is produced only in the mitochondriab. ATP is produced in the cytosol, mitochondria, and chloroplasts.c. FADH2...
Cellular respiration uses one molecule of glucose to produce
Cellular respiration uses one molecule of glucose to producea. 18 ATP moleculesb. 32 ATP moleculesc. 2 ATP moleculesd. 36 ATP moleculesAnswer:&nbs...
In the absence of oxygen, yeast cells can obtain energy by fermentation, resulting in the production of ATP along with
In the absence of oxygen, yeast cells can obtain energy by fermentation, resulting in the production of ATP along witha. CO2 and lactic acid.b. CO2 and...
Unlike photosynthesis, cellular respiration occurs in
Unlike photosynthesis, cellular respiration occurs ina. all but plant cells.b. animal cells only.c. all eukaryotic cells.d. plant cells only.Answer:&...
One cause of muscle soreness is
One cause of muscle soreness isa. glycolysis.b. fermentation.c. the Krebs cycle.d. CO2 build-upAnswer:&nbs...
A 1,200 Calorie 4-course dinner has enough energy to raise _______ grams of water 1 degree Celsius.
A 1,200 Calorie 4-course dinner has enough energy to raise _______ grams of water 1 degree Celsius.a. 1,200b. 120,000c. 1,200,000d, 12Answer:&nbs...
NOT including glycolysis, the process of fermentation results in ________ ATPs.
NOT including glycolysis, the process of fermentation results in ________ ATPs.a. 32b. 4c. 2d. 0Answer:&nbs...
Which process in eukaryotic cells will proceed normally whether oxygen (O2) is present or absent?
Which process in eukaryotic cells will proceed normally whether oxygen (O2) is present or absent?a. Krebs cycleb. glycolysisc. ETCd. cellular respira...
Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin Cycle?
Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin Cycle?a. ATP and NADPHb. ADP and NADP+c....
Which of the following is NOT a part of the ATP molecule?
Which of the following is NOT a part of the ATP molecule?a. chlorophyllb. ribosec. phosphated. adenineAnswer:&nbs...
Plants that produce a waxy coating on their leaves probably live in
Plants that produce a waxy coating on their leaves probably live ina. desert climatesb. wet climatesc. shady areasd. cold climatesAnswer:&nbs...
Which region of the visible spectrum is NOT absorbed by chlorophyll?
Which region of the visible spectrum is NOT absorbed by chlorophyll?a. blueb. redc. violetd. greenAnswer:&nbs...
Starting with a single pyruvic acid, how many of the following are produced in Krebs cycle?
Starting with a single pyruvic acid, how many of the following are produced in Krebs cycle?a. 1 ATP, 1 CO2, 4 NADH, and 1 FADH2b. 2 ATP, 3 CO2, 4 NADH,...
After training for months, you are finally running your first marathon. After a few miles, you notice you are clipping along at a nice pace, your breathing is at a steady rhythm and you feel ready to go the distance. Your muscle cells are definitely in
After training for months, you are finally running your first marathon. After a few miles, you notice you are clipping along at a nice pace, your breathing...
The starting molecule for glycolysis is
The starting molecule for glycolysis isa. ADPb. ATPc. glucosed. pyruvic acidAnswer:&nbs...
Which of these processes takes place in the cytosol of a cell?
Which of these processes takes place in the cytosol of a cell?a. Calvin cycleb. Krebs cyclec. fermentationd. all of the abovee. none of the aboveAnsw...
The major product of the ETC is
The major product of the ETC isa. ATP.b. lactic acid.c. alcohol.Answer:&nbs...
Plants gather the sun's energy with light-absorbing molecules called
Plants gather the sun's energy with light-absorbing molecules calleda. glucoseb. chloroplastsc. pigmentsd. thylakoidsAnswer:&nbs...
Cellular respiration is called an aerobic process because it requires
Cellular respiration is called an aerobic process because it requiresa. exerciseb. oxygenc. carbon dioxided. glucoseAnswer:&nbs...
When you exercise, all of the following are sources of energy EXCEPT
When you exercise, all of the following are sources of energy EXCEPTa. fermentationb. Calvin Cyclec. stored ATPd. cellular respirationAnswer:&nbs...
The oxygen consumed during cellular respiration is involved directly in which process or event?
The oxygen consumed during cellular respiration is involved directly in which process or event?a. absorbing sugar byproducts into the mitochondrionb....
Where do the light dependent reactions take place?
Where do the light dependent reactions take place?a. in the cytosolb. in the mitochondriac. in the granad. in the stromaAnswer:&nbs...
Where does most of the energy stored in glucose go during cellular respiration?
Where does most of the energy stored in glucose go during cellular respiration?a. heatb. production of ATPc. fermentationd. electron transport chainA...
The "pinching in" of the cytoplasm in the late stages of mitosis is called ______________.
The "pinching in" of the cytoplasm in the late stages of mitosis is called ______________.Answer: cytokine...
The entire genetic library for an organism is called its _____________.
The entire genetic library for an organism is called its _____________.Answer: gen...
Together, the G1 phase, S phase, and G2 phase are called ______________.
Together, the G1 phase, S phase, and G2 phase are called ______________.Answer: interph...
The division of a prokaryote is known as _______________.
The division of a prokaryote is known as _______________.Answer: binary fiss...
Mainly involved in the G2 phase, proteins called ___________ regulate the timing of the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells.
Mainly involved in the G2 phase, proteins called ___________ regulate the timing of the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells.Answer: cycl...
The spreading of cancerous cells throughout the body where they set up secondary tumors is called _____________.
The spreading of cancerous cells throughout the body where they set up secondary tumors is called _____________.Answer: metasta...
The major bioethical issue surrounding stem cell research is that it currently relies heavily on the _____________ industry.
The major bioethical issue surrounding stem cell research is that it currently relies heavily on the _____________ industry.Answer: abort...
Cells in a multicellular organism that have yet to specialize into a specific type of cell are called ________________.
Cells in a multicellular organism that have yet to specialize into a specific type of cell are called ________________.Answer: stem ce...
Cells grown in a petri dish tend to divide until they form a thin layer covering the bottom of the dish. If cells are removed from the middle of the dish, the cells bordering the open space will begin dividing until the have filled the empty space. What does this experiment show?
Cells grown in a petri dish tend to divide until they form a thin layer covering the bottom of the dish. If cells are removed from the middle of the dish,...
The rate at which wastes are produced by a cell partially depends on the cell's
The rate at which wastes are produced by a cell partially depends on the cell'sa. ratio of surface area to volume.b. volume.c. type of membrane.d. surface...
During early development, all cells in the embryo of a multicellular organism are identical. Later on in development, the cells will become specialized through a process called
During early development, all cells in the embryo of a multicellular organism are identical. Later on in development, the cells will become specialized...
In mitosis, the sister chromatids of chromosomes will ultimately split apart, and ______________ will begin to move toward opposite poles of the cell.
In mitosis, the sister chromatids of chromosomes will ultimately split apart, and ______________ will begin to move toward opposite poles of the cell.a....
A multicellular organism begins life as a single cell- a fertilized egg with a complete set of chromosomes. The first cell of life divides to become two cells, then four cells, eight cells, and so on. Which of the following statements best describes what happens during this process?
A multicellular organism begins life as a single cell- a fertilized egg with a complete set of chromosomes. The first cell of life divides to become two...
If the surface area of a cell that is shaped like a cube increases 100 times, its volume increases about
If the surface area of a cell that is shaped like a cube increases 100 times, its volume increases abouta. 5 timesb. 10 timesc. 100 timesd. 1000 time...
What is the name for the external regulators that prompt a cell to enter S-phase?
What is the name for the external regulators that prompt a cell to enter S-phase?a. replicating agentsb. histonesc. centrosomesd. growth factorsAnswe...
Where do microtubules of the spindle originate during mitosis in both plant and animal cells?
Where do microtubules of the spindle originate during mitosis in both plant and animal cells?a. centromereb. centrosomec. centrioled. chromatide. kin...
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
Which of the following statements is NOT true?a. Cancer cells damage surrounding tissues and organs.b. Cancer is the mass production of an organism's...
Compared with small cells, large cells have more trouble
Compared with small cells, large cells have more troublea. dividing. b. producing daughter cells.c. moving nutrients in and waste products out.d....
Secondary tumors may show up in various parts of the body if the cancer is
Secondary tumors may show up in various parts of the body if the cancer isa. oncogenicb. benignc. terminald. malignantAnswer:&nbs...
As a cell becomes larger, its
As a cell becomes larger, itsa. volume increases faster than its surface area.b. surface area increases faster than its volume.c. volume increases, but...
When during the cell cycle are chromosomes visible?
When during the cell cycle are chromosomes visible?a. only during interphaseb. only when they are being replicatedc. only during mitosisd. only during...
Which event occurs during interphase?
Which event occurs during interphase?a. centrosomes replicateb. centrioles appearc. spindle fibers begin to formd. centromeres divideAnswer:&nbs...
The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called
The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is calleda. cell division.b. metaphase.c. interphase.d. mitosis.Answer:&nbs...
The standard number of chromosomes in a human cell is
The standard number of chromosomes in a human cell isa. 4b. 8c. 23d. 46e. 92Answer:&nbs...
In which phase of mitosis is the number of chromosomes doubled in a cell?
In which phase of mitosis is the number of chromosomes doubled in a cell?a. S-phaseb. prophasec. anaphased. telophaseAnswer:&nbs...
What is one role of the spindle during mitosis?
What is one role of the spindle during mitosis?a. It helps separate the chromosomes.b. It breaks down the nuclear membrane.c. It pinches in the cytoplasm.d....
Because a carrot has 18 chromosomes and a potato has 48 chromosomes, we know
Because a carrot has 18 chromosomes and a potato has 48 chromosomes, we knowa. potato cells take longer to divide than carrot cells do.b. potatoes are...
Which of the following is NOT a way that cell division solves the problems of cell growth?
Which of the following is NOT a way that cell division solves the problems of cell growth?a. Cell division provides each daughter cell with its own copy...
Proteins that regulate the cell cycle based on events inside the cell are called
Proteins that regulate the cell cycle based on events inside the cell are calleda. replicatorsb. growth factors c. oncogenesd. cyclinsAnswer:&nb...
Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability to control their
Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability to control theira. sizeb. spindle fibersc. growth rated. surface areaAnswer:&nbs...
Which of the following is NOT a method of treatment for a cancer patient?
Which of the following is NOT a method of treatment for a cancer patient?a. radiation therapyb. surgeryc. chemotherapyd. antibioticsAnswer:&nbs...
Which pair is correct?
Which pair is correct?a. G1 phase, DNA replicationb. G2 phase, preparation for mitosisc. S phase, cell divisiond. M phase, cell growthAnswer:&nbs...
Cancer most often spreads through the ____________ system.
Cancer most often spreads through the ____________ system.a. endocineb. lymphatic c. nervousd. skeletalAnswer:&nbs...
During normal mitotic cell division, a parent cell having four chromosomes will produce two daughter cells, each containing ___________ chromosomes.
During normal mitotic cell division, a parent cell having four chromosomes will produce two daughter cells, each containing ___________ chromosomes.a....
If there are 20 chromatids in a cell at metaphase, how many chromosomes are there in each daughter cell following cytokinesis?
If there are 20 chromatids in a cell at metaphase, how many chromosomes are there in each daughter cell following cytokinesis?a. 10b. 20c. 30d. 40e. ...
Which of the following happens when a cell divides?
Which of the following happens when a cell divides?a. The cell's volume increases.b. It becomes more difficult for the cell to get enough oxygen and nutrients.c....
Which of the following is a factor that can stop normal cells from growing?
Which of the following is a factor that can stop normal cells from growing?a. contact with other cellsb. growth factorsc. a cut in the skind. adding cyclins...
Genes that have mutated into a code that will cause a cell to become cancerous are called
Genes that have mutated into a code that will cause a cell to become cancerous are calleda. oncogenesb. mutagensc. carcinogensd. darth genesAnswer:&n...
Which of the following is NOT a role of the spindle fibers?
Which of the following is NOT a role of the spindle fibers?a. arranges chromosomes along the metaphase plateb. begins the process of cytokinesis in the...
Which of the following tissues are NOT places where stem cells are found?
Which of the following tissues are NOT places where stem cells are found?a. embryob. spinal cordc. adult bone marrowd. umbilical cordAnswer:&nbs...
The two main stages of cell division are called
The two main stages of cell division are calleda. mitosis and interphaseb. synthesis and interphasec. the M phase and the S phased. mitosis and cytok...
The human body system that includes these glands, thyroid, adrenals, and pancreas:
The human body system that includes these glands, thyroid, adrenals, and pancreas:A) DigestiveB) EndocrineC) ReproductiveD) ExcretoryAnswer:&nbs...
These two body systems work together to allow a person to move, talk, and run.
These two body systems work together to allow a person to move, talk, and run.A) Integumentary & LymphaticB) Skeletal & MuscularC) Endocrine &...
The primary function of this system is to help you fight pathogens (germs).
The primary function of this system is to help you fight pathogens (germs).A) LymphaticB) NervousC) ExcretoryD) EndocrineAnswer:&nbs...
The primary function of this system is to be a communication and response system for the body.
The primary function of this system is to be a communication and response system for the body.A) NervousB) ExcretoryC) LymphaticD) EndocrineAnswer:&n...
The primary function of this system is to break down food into usable form and to remove waste products.
The primary function of this system is to break down food into usable form and to remove waste products.A) DigestiveB) SkeletalC) MuscularD) Respirat...
Water, urea, and other wastes are eliminated in a fluid called _____________.
Water, urea, and other wastes are eliminated in a fluid called _____________.A) carbon dioxideB) perspirationC) urineD) proteinAnswer:&nbs...
The central nervous system includes:
The central nervous system includes:A) NervesB) Brain & Spinal CordC) BrainD) Spinal CordAnswer:&nbs...
The primary function of the system is to support and protect the body.
The primary function of the system is to support and protect the body.A) DigestiveB) SkeletalC) RespiratoryD) MuscularAnswer:&nbs...
Arteries, Veins, and capillaries are the _____________ in the circulatory system.
Arteries, Veins, and capillaries are the _____________ in the circulatory system.A) tissuesB) organsC) vesselsD) cellsAnswer:&nbs...
The main organ in the respiratory system is the _____________.
The main organ in the respiratory system is the _____________.A) LungB) TracheaC) DiaphragmD) BronchiAnswer:&nbs...
Skin helps the body maintain a steady _____________ through perspiration and enlarging of blood vessels.
Skin helps the body maintain a steady _____________ through perspiration and enlarging of blood vessels.A) TemperatureB) Heart beatC) PaceD) TanAnswe...
Walking, running, and carrying a book involve using _____________ type of muscles.
Walking, running, and carrying a book involve using _____________ type of muscles.A) voluntaryB) involuntaryC) cardiacD) striatedAnswer:&nbs...
Cardiac muscle tissue can be found in your _____________.
Cardiac muscle tissue can be found in your _____________.A) HeartB) BrainC) StomachD) LiverAnswer:&nbs...
Breathing, heart beating, and food digesting are examples of activities using _____________ type of muscles.
Breathing, heart beating, and food digesting are examples of activities using _____________ type of muscles.A) voluntaryB) cardiacC) involuntaryD) st...
One important function of bones is to produce _____________.
One important function of bones is to produce _____________.A) ligamentsB) tendonsC) blood cellsD) cartilageAnswer:&nbs...
A group of similar cells performing the same function is a(n) _____________.
A group of similar cells performing the same function is a(n) _____________.A) systemB) organC) tissueD) cellAnswer:&nbs...
Skin, ears, and kidneys are examples of _____________.
Skin, ears, and kidneys are examples of _____________.A) tissuesB) organ systemsC) organsD) cellsAnswer:&nbs...
The _____________ system removes waste products from the body.
The _____________ system removes waste products from the body.A) IntegumentaryB) DigestiveC) All of theseD) ExcretoryAnswer:&nbs...
The four levels of organization in a multicellular organization in a multicellular organism are ____________, _____________, _______________, and organ systems.
The four levels of organization in a multicellular organization in a multicellular organism are ____________, _____________, _______________, and organ...
A solution which draws water out of a cell is said to be ____________.
A solution which draws water out of a cell is said to be ____________.Answer: hyperto...
All of the fluid between the cell membrane and the nucleus (but NOT including the organelles) is called the ____________.
All of the fluid between the cell membrane and the nucleus (but NOT including the organelles) is called the ____________.Answer: cyto...
By definition, prokaryotes lack a __________ in their cells.
By definition, prokaryotes lack a __________ in their cells.Answer: nucl...
In a(n) ____________ solution, concentrations of solutes are the same on both sides (i.e., equilibrium).
In a(n) ____________ solution, concentrations of solutes are the same on both sides (i.e., equilibrium).Answer: isoto...
Unlike the cell membrane, the cell wall is
Unlike the cell membrane, the cell wall is a. found in all organismsb. composed of a lipid bilayerc. selectively permeabled. a rigid structureAn...
Which means of particle transport is shown above?
Which means of particle transport is shown above?a. phagocytosisb. exocytosisc. facilitated diffusiond. osmosisAnswer:&nbs...
Large molecules such as glucose that cannot cross the lipid bilayer but can still move across the membrane into a low concentration gradient by means of ___________ diffusion.
Large molecules such as glucose that cannot cross the lipid bilayer but can still move across the membrane into a low concentration gradient by means...
The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called _____________.
The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called _____________.Answer: osmo...
The active transport of materials out of a cell is known as
The active transport of materials out of a cell is known asa. exocytosisb. endocytosisc. facilitated diffusiond. both B and CAnswer:&nbs...
The cell membrane contains channels and pumps that help move materials from one side to the other. What are these channels and pumps made of?
The cell membrane contains channels and pumps that help move materials from one side to the other. What are these channels and pumps made of?a. carbohydratesb....
Ribosomes are found in all of the following places EXCEPT the
Ribosomes are found in all of the following places EXCEPT thea. nucleolusb. ERc. Golgi apparatusd. cytoplasmAnswer:&nbs...
Which structure contains the other?
Which structure contains the other?a. nucleus; cytoplasmb. nucleus; genetic materialc. cell membrane; cell walld. prokaryote; chloroplastsAnswer:&nbs...
The cell theory applies to
The cell theory applies toa. bacteriab. plants and animalsc. multicellular organismsd. all of the aboveAnswer:&nbs...
The pair of organelles that aid in cell division are called
The pair of organelles that aid in cell division are calleda. microtubules and are only found in eukaryotesb. microtubules and are only found in prokaryotesc....
Prokaryotes usually contain
Prokaryotes usually containa. a nucleusb. genetic materialc. specialized organellesd. all of the aboveAnswer:&nbs...
A specialized organ such as a heart will only be found in which type of organism?
A specialized organ such as a heart will only be found in which type of organism?a. unicellularb. multicellularc. prokaryoticd. piratesAnswer:&nbs...
ALL cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, have each of the following EXCEPT
ALL cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, have each of the following EXCEPTa. vacuolesb. cell membranec. cytoplasmd. DNAe. ribosomesAnswer:&nbs...
Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoskeleton?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoskeleton?a. helps the cell maintain its shapeb. helps the cell movec. stores water and nutrientsd....
Which of the following is a function of the nucleus?
Which of the following is a function of the nucleus?a. stores DNAb. controls most of the cells processesc. contains information to make proteinsd. all...
Strands of carbohydrates can be found anchored in the cell membrane of most cells which serve the purpose of
Strands of carbohydrates can be found anchored in the cell membrane of most cells which serve the purpose ofa. food storageb. cell-to-cell recognitionc....
Diffusion is the overall (net) movement of molecules from an area of ____________ to an area of _____________ concentration.
Diffusion is the overall (net) movement of molecules from an area of ____________ to an area of _____________ concentration.a. low concentration; highb....
Which of the following is NOT found in the nucleus?
Which of the following is NOT found in the nucleus?a. vesiclesb. chromatinc. RNAd. ribosome subunitsAnswer:&nbs...
Which of the following organisms are prokaryotes?
Which of the following organisms are prokaryotes?a. plantsb. animalsc. bacteriad. any of the above can be prokaryoticAnswer:&nbs...
Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane?
Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane?a. breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins from foodsb. stores water, salt, proteins,...
Which of the following means of particle transport requires energy from the cell?
Which of the following means of particle transport requires energy from the cell?a. diffusionb. osmosisc. endocytosisd. facilitated diffusionAnswer:&...
One of the main jobs of the liver is to break down toxins that enter the body. Inspecting one of the cells of the liver, which of the following would you expect to find in large quantity?
One of the main jobs of the liver is to break down toxins that enter the body. Inspecting one of the cells of the liver, which of the following would...
Which of the following is an organelle found in the cytoplasm?
Which of the following is an organelle found in the cytoplasm?a. nucleolusb. vacuolec. chromatind. all of the aboveAnswer:&nbs...
Which organelles help provide cells with energy?
Which organelles help provide cells with energy?a. mitochondria and chloroplastb. Golgi apparatus and ribosomesc. smooth ER and the nucleusd. rough ER...
Which sequence correctly traces the path of a protein in the cell?
Which sequence correctly traces the path of a protein in the cell?a. ribosome, rough ER, Golgi apparatusb. smooth ER, ribosome, rough ERc. smooth ER,...
During diffusion, when the concentration of molecules on both sides of a membrane is the same, the molecules will
During diffusion, when the concentration of molecules on both sides of a membrane is the same, the molecules willa. move across the membrane to the outside...
Most of the cell membrane is composed of a type of lipid called
Most of the cell membrane is composed of a type of lipid calleda. triglyceridesb. phospholipidsc. cholesterold. celluloseAnswer:&nbs...
When a stalk of broccoli is placed in a salty solution, its cells become
When a stalk of broccoli is placed in a salty solution, its cells becomea. enlargedb. turgidc. torpidd. flaccidAnswer:&nbs...
The evolution of paired fins was important to early fishes because paired fins
The evolution of paired fins was important to early fishes because paired finsa. led directly to the evolution of gill arches.b. led directly to the evolution...
Jaws are thought to have evolved from the
Jaws are thought to have evolved from thea. second and third vertebrae.b. first pair of gill archesc. first pair of finsd. anterior half of the phary...
The earliest vertebrates were
The earliest vertebrates were a. bony fishes.b. spiny fishes with skeletons of cartilagec. amphibians with thin, moist skind. jawless fishesAnsw...
Which of the following fishes is jawless?
Which of the following fishes is jawless? a. hagfish b. rayc. guppy d. catfishAnswer:&nbs...
Skates belong to the class
Skates belong to the classa. Myxinib. Chondrichthyes. c. Reptilia.d. Amphibia.Answer:&nbs...
All of the following are vertebrate characteristics except
All of the following are vertebrate characteristics excepta. a post-anal tail.b. pharyngeal pouches.c. a ventral hollow nerve cord.d. an endoskeleton...
Unlike adult lancelets, adult tunicates
Unlike adult lancelets, adult tunicatesa. have segmented muscles in their tail.b. are radially symmetricalc. are usually sessiled. have separate sexe...
A lancelet feeds by
A lancelet feeds bya. pursuing and capturing small animals with its tentacles. b. sucking blood from the skin of a larger animal.c. digesting nutrients...
Animals in the subphyla Cephalochordata and Urochordata live
Animals in the subphyla Cephalochordata and Urochordata livea. only in fresh waterb. only in the oceanc. only on landd. in fresh water, in the ocean,...
The gill chambers of aquatic chordates evolved from theThe gill chambers of aquatic chordates evolved from the
The gill chambers of aquatic chordates evolved from thea. dorsal nerve cord.b. backbone.c. pharyngeal pouchesd. postanal tailAnswer:&nbs...
In most chordates, the function of the notochord is taken over by the
In most chordates, the function of the notochord is taken over by thea. vertebral column. b. brain. c. spinal cord. d. pharynx.Answer:...
The subphylum Crustacea includes
The subphylum Crustacea includesa. insects. b. spiders. c. ticks. d. shrimps.Answer:&nbs...
Ancestral arthropods probably had
Ancestral arthropods probably hada. no coelom.b. one pair of appendages on every segment.c. bodies consisting of a few, highly specialized tagmata. d....
An arthropod sheds its old exoskeleton when
An arthropod sheds its old exoskeleton whena. the old exoskeleton wears out.b. the new exoskeleton exerts pressure on the epidermis.c. the animal is 1-2...
One feature that arthropods share with annelids is
One feature that arthropods share with annelids is a. a closed circulatory systemb. jointed appendagesc. a ventral nerve cordd. a lack of cephal...
An arthropod's exoskeleton performs all of the following functions except
An arthropod's exoskeleton performs all of the following functions excepta. producing gametes.b. protecting internal organsc. supporting the animal's...
All annelids in the class Oligochaeta and Hirudinea have
All annelids in the class Oligochaeta and Hirudinea have a. gills.b. parapodia.c. a segmented coelom.d. an open circulatory system.Answer:&nbs...
One difference between leeches and polychaetes is that leeches
One difference between leeches and polychaetes is that leeches a. do not have segmentsb. do not have setaec. have parapodiad. are never carnivor...
An earthworm uses its setae to
An earthworm uses its setae to a. grip the soil surface.b. contract in a circular directionc. contract in a longitudinal directiond. form a protective...
Segmentation is an advantage for annelid worms because it
Segmentation is an advantage for annelid worms because ita. requires the whole body to move as a single unit. b. reduces the number of setae on the...
An octopus generally moves by
An octopus generally moves bya. pumping a jet of water through its incurrent siphon. b. crawling along the bottom with its tentacles.c. gliding on...
Bivalves have all of the following structures except
Bivalves have all of the following structures excepta. a radula. b. adductor muscles. c. siphons.d. gillsAnswer:&nbs...
Mollusks in the class Gastropoda
Mollusks in the class Gastropodaa. lack a distinct head.b. have an open circulatory system.c. do not have a hemocoel.d. are usually sessile.Answer:&n...
One feature that is shared by many mollusks and annelids is the
One feature that is shared by many mollusks and annelids is thea. radula. b. mantle cavity.c. trochophored. pseudopodiumAnswer:&nbs...
One advantage of a coelom over a pseudocoelom is that a coelom
One advantage of a coelom over a pseudocoelom is that a coeloma. contains fluid while a pseudocoelom does not. b. is completely surrounded by endoderm.c....
A rotifer's excretory system includes
A rotifer's excretory system includesa. flame cells and excretory tubules. b. contractile vacuoles. c. a single, small kidney.d. many excretory...
Hookworms normally reach the human intestine after they
Hookworms normally reach the human intestine after theya. are ingested as cysts in contaminated meat.b. bore directly from the skin of the abdomen to...
Ascaris eggs enter the body of a human host when the
Ascaris eggs enter the body of a human host when thea. host ingests contaminated food or water.b. eggs attach to the bare sole of a human foot.c. eggs...
The roundworm digestive tract
The roundworm digestive tracta. has no opening.b. has a single opening.c. has two openings.d. is absent parasitic roundwormsAnswer:&nbs...
Pseudocoelomates have a hollow, fluid-filled cavity that is
Pseudocoelomates have a hollow, fluid-filled cavity that isa. lined by ectoderm on the outside and mesoderm on the inside. b. lined by mesoderm on...
The primary hosts of beef tapeworms are
The primary hosts of beef tapeworms area. cows.b. snails.c. pigsd. humans.Answer:&nbs...
The eggs of the blood fluke Schistosoma
The eggs of the blood fluke Schistosomaa. leave the primary host in feces or urine. b. are produced by hermaphroditic adults.c. must be deposited...
One difference between free-living flatworms and parasitic flatworms is that
One difference between free-living flatworms and parasitic flatworms is thata. free-living flatworms have proglottids.b. free-living flatworms do not...
The gastrovascular cavity of a flatworm
The gastrovascular cavity of a flatworma. has no opening to the outside. b. has a single opening.c. has two openingsd. is connected to the outside...
Flatworms are the simplest animals with
Flatworms are the simplest animals witha. a backbone. b. a coelom.c. bilateral symmetryd. radical symmetryAnswer:&nbs...
Ctenophores move through the water by
Ctenophores move through the water by a. somersaultingb. contracting their bell-shaped bodiesc. beating their ciliad. rotating like a propellerA...
Corals exist in a symbiotic relationship with
Corals exist in a symbiotic relationship with a. fungi b. algaec. hydrasd. mossesAnswer:&nbs...
An example of a cnidarian in the class Hydrozoa is a
An example of a cnidarian in the class Hydrozoa is a a. coral.b. sea anemone.c. jellyfish.d. Portuguese man-of-war.Answer:&nbs...
The structure that coordinates the complex activities of a cnidarian's body is the
The structure that coordinates the complex activities of a cnidarian's body is thea. gastrovascular cavity. b. colloblast.c. nerve net. d. ...
Cnidarians and ctenophores are more complex than sponges because, unlike sponges, they have
Cnidarians and ctenophores are more complex than sponges because, unlike sponges, they havea. tissues and organs. b. both asexual and sexual reproductionc....
After a sponge egg is fertilized, it develops into a(n)
After a sponge egg is fertilized, it develops into a(n)a. external bud. b. gemmule. c. larva. d. gastrula.Answer:&nbs...
Sponges eliminate carbon dioxide and cellular wastes by
Sponges eliminate carbon dioxide and cellular wastes bya. allowing them to diffuse into the water that passes through the sponge.b. excreting them into...
Choanocytes perform all of the following functions except
Choanocytes perform all of the following functions excepta. pumping water into the interior of the sponge.b. engulfing and digesting food that is filtered...
Adult sponges are sessile, which means that they
Adult sponges are sessile, which means that theya. have no gastrula stage.b. attach to a surface and do not move.c. use a jellylike substance for body...
Invertebrates are animals that lack
Invertebrates are animals that lacka. true tissues. b. true organs. c. a skeleton.d. a backbone.Answer:&nbs...
Development of zygotes outside the body of the female parent is a characteristic of
Development of zygotes outside the body of the female parent is a characteristic ofa. all fishes and amphibians.b. many fishes, amphibians, reptiles,...
The moist skin of an amphibian functions as
The moist skin of an amphibian functions asa. a respiratory organ.b. a structure for conserving water.c. an insulating material. d. a rigid exos...
A hermaphrodite is an organism that
A hermaphrodite is an organism that a. produces only male gametes.b. produces only female gametes.c. produces both male and female gametes d....
A gut is a
A gut is aa. structure specialized for gas exchange in water. b. simple excretory organ of invertebrates.c. digestive chamber with one opening.d....
In a closed circulatory system,
In a closed circulatory system,a. cells exchange nutrients directly with the environment. b. the bloodlike circulatory fluid never leaves the coelom.c....
A body cavity aids in an animal's movement by
A body cavity aids in an animal's movement bya. anchoring the animal firmly to objects in its environment.b. providing a firm structure against which...
Cephalization is associated with
Cephalization is associated witha. bilaterally symmetrical animals.b. radially symmetrical animals.c. sponges. d. hydras.Answer:&nbs...
Scientists infer that the first invertebrates evolved from
Scientists infer that the first invertebrates evolved froma. simple vertebrates.b. large groups of bacteria.c. loosely connected fungi. d. colonial...
An animal's ability to move results from the interrelationship between
An animal's ability to move results from the interrelationship between a. dermal tissue and vascular tissueb. vascular tissue and nervous tissue c....
Which of the following statements accurately describes animals?
Which of the following statements accurately describes animals?a. all animals are multicellular, all are heterotrophic, and all lack cell walls.b. all...
The life cycle of a vascular plant is characterized by
The life cycle of a vascular plant is characterized bya. a large gametophyte and a small sporophyte. b. a large sporophyte and a small gametophyte.c....
Pine trees are a type of
Pine trees are a type of a. nonvascular plantb. angiospermc. gymnospermd. herbaceous plantAnswer:...
Ferns are a type of
Ferns are a type of a. vascular plantb. seed plantc. angiospermd. gymnospermAnswer:...
The plant tissue that transports water from the roots to the leaves is the
The plant tissue that transports water from the roots to the leaves is thea. phloemb. xylemc. endospermd. woody tissueAnswer:...
Each of the following is a part of a seed except the
Each of the following is a part of a seed except thea. embryo. b. endosperm. c. seed coat. d. gametophyte.Answer:...
The artificial fabric rayon is made from
The artificial fabric rayon is made froma. rayon grass.b. processed wood fibers.c. coald. petroleumAnswer:...
All of the following plants are used for their medicinal value except the
All of the following plants are used for their medicinal value except thea. cinchona tree. b. white willow. c. coconut. d. foxglove.Answer:...
Black pepper is the ground-up seed of a pepper plant, which makes pepper
Black pepper is the ground-up seed of a pepper plant, which makes peppera. a fruit. b. a flavoring. c. an herb. d. a spice.Answer:...
Legumes are valuable crops because they have protein-rich seeds and because
Legumes are valuable crops because they have protein-rich seeds and becausea. they improve the nitrogen content of soil. b. their leaves are used...
In cultivating wheat, early farmers selected wheat plants
In cultivating wheat, early farmers selected wheat plantsa. whose seeds were easily dispersed.b. whose stalks did not break easily in the wind.c. that...
The automobile fuel gasohol is made in part with
The automobile fuel gasohol is made in part witha. aflatoxins produced by Amanita.b. gluconic acid produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.c. ethanol produced...
Which of the following is not a fungal product of importance to the food-processing industry?
Which of the following is not a fungal product of importance to the food-processing industry?a. vitamin B2 b. wheat rust c. citric acid d....
Fungi of the genus Cephalosporium are used to produce
Fungi of the genus Cephalosporium are used to producea. mushrooms. b. cheese. c. antibiotics. d. soy products.Answer:...
The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used to make all of the following except
The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used to make all of the following excepta. bread. b. vaccines. c. ethanol. d. penicillin.Answer:...
Fungal diseases that affect human internal organs are often caused by
Fungal diseases that affect human internal organs are often caused bya. dimorphic fungi. b. deuteromycetes. c. truffles. d. morels.Answer:...
Which of the following is not a condition or disease that can be caused by fungi?
Which of the following is not a condition or disease that can be caused by fungi?a. athlete's foot b. AIDS c. ringworm d. candidiasisAnswer:...
Sniffling, sneezing, and respiratory distress may be symptoms of an allergic reaction to
Sniffling, sneezing, and respiratory distress may be symptoms of an allergic reaction toa. cortisone. b. the Amanita mushroom. c. the yeast...
Biologists think that the first fungi on Earth arose from
Biologists think that the first fungi on Earth arose from a. prokaryotes. b. algae. c. plants.d. animalsAnswer:...
Throughout most of their life cycle, most fungi are
Throughout most of their life cycle, most fungi area. male. b. female. c. diploid.d. haploid.Answer:...
Which of the following is NOT an asexual reproductive structure of a fungus?
Which of the following is NOT an asexual reproductive structure of a fungus?a. septum b. sporangium c. conidiophored. sporangiosporeAnswer:...
Unlike animals, fungi
Unlike animals, fungia. ingest their nutrients before digesting them.b. secrete enzymes and then absorb the digested nutrients through their cell wall.c....
All fungi are
All fungi area. multicellular and prokaryotic. b. prokaryotic and photosynthetic. c. eukaryotic and nonphotosynthetic. d. unicellular and...
Separate sperm-containing and egg-containing structures are produced by
Separate sperm-containing and egg-containing structures are produced by a. cellular slime molds. b. plasmodial slime molds. c. water molds.d....
A plasmodial slime mold will generally form a fruiting body when
A plasmodial slime mold will generally form a fruiting body whena. its host dies.b. the number of cells in the plasmodium becomes too large.c. the environment...
Algae are classified into phyla based on all of the following except their
Algae are classified into phyla based on all of the following except theira. type of photosynthetic pigment.b. form of food storage. c. presence...
The body portion of a seaweed is called a
The body portion of a seaweed is called a a. pyrenoidb. holdfastc. sporophyted. thallusAnswer:...
Algae differ from protozoans in that algae are
Algae differ from protozoans in that algae are a. heterotrophicb. photosyntheticc. always multicellulard. always unicellularAnswer:...
Most species in the phylum Apicomplexa are
Most species in the phylum Apicomplexa area. aquatic and move by using cilia.b. terrestrial and move by extending pseudopodia.c. parasitic and have complex...
One disease caused by a mastigophoran is
One disease caused by a mastigophoran isa. amebic dysentery. b. malaria.c. sleeping sickness. d. toxoplasmosis.Answer:...
Sexual reproduction in ciliates involves
Sexual reproduction in ciliates involvesa. binary fission and the formation of two identical offspring.b. the exchange of diploid macronuclei between...
Which of the following is formed from the tests of dead sarcodines?
Which of the following is formed from the tests of dead sarcodines?a. granite b. limestone c. sandstone d. pearlsAnswer:...
Amoebas move by means of a process known as
Amoebas move by means of a process known asa. vacuolar contractingb. cytoplasmic streamingc. flagellar whippingd.ciliary beatingAnswer:...
Protists are thought to have evolved from
Protists are thought to have evolved from a. early virusesb. early eukaryotesc. ancient prokaryotesd. modern fungiAnswer:...
All of the following are structures used for protist movement except
All of the following are structures used for protist movement excepta. ciliab. flagellac. zoosporesd. pseudopodiaAnswer:...
All protists are capable of
All protists are capable of a. asexual reproductionb. sexual reproductionc. either asexual or sexual reproductiond. conjugationAnswer:...
One characteristic that is not found in any protozoan is
One characteristic that is not found in any protozoan is a. heterotrophy b. multicellularityc. motilityd. parasitismAnswer:...
Protozoans are members of the kingdom
Protozoans are members of the kingdoma. Animaliab. Plantaec. Fungid. ProtistaAnswer:...
In humans, PKU can be treated by
In humans, PKU can be treated by a. insulin injections b. diet c. gene therapy d. surgeryAnswer:...
A trait whose expression is affected by the presence of sex hormones is said to be
A trait whose expression is affected by the presence of sex hormones is said to be a. sex-influenced b. sex-linked c. X-linked d....
Which of the following human traits is not a polygenic trait?
Which of the following human traits is not a polygenic trait? a. skin color b. eye color c. height d. ABO blood typeAnswer:...
Since the ABO blood group alleles are codominant, an individual with the genotype I^A I^B will have blood type
Since the ABO blood group alleles are codominant, an individual with the genotype I^A I^B will have blood type a. Ab. B c. AB d. OAnswer:...
Which individual(s) in the pedigree shown below must be a carrier?
Which individual(s) in the pedigree shown below must be a carrier? a. 1 only b. 4 only c. 3 only d. both 1 and 4Answer:...
Which of the following is a point mutation that does not produce a frameshift?
Which of the following is a point mutation that does not produce a frameshift? a. substitution b. insertion c. deletion d. inversionAnswer:...
Which of the following sequences could result from an inversion of the sequence GAGACATT?
Which of the following sequences could result from an inversion of the sequence GAGACATT?a. GAGCATTb. GTGACATTc. CTCTGATTd. GATACAGTAnswer:...
Mutations that can be inherited arise in
Mutations that can be inherited arise in a. somatic cells b. body cells c. germ cells d. skin cellsAnswer:...
Two genes that are one map unit apart are separated by crossing-over
Two genes that are one map unit apart are separated by crossing-overa. 1% of the time b. 20% of the time c. 50% of the time d. 100% of...
Genes that belong to the same linkage group tend to be
Genes that belong to the same linkage group tend to be a. located on different chromosomes b. inherited together c. found only in males d....
For which of the following are newborn infants not routinely screened at birth?
For which of the following are newborn infants not routinely screened at birth?A) PKUB) color blindnessC) imperforate anusD) congenital hip dysplasiaAnswer: B)...
Gene mutations in the sex chromosomes of the human would tend to become visibly expressed ________.
Gene mutations in the sex chromosomes of the human would tend to become visibly expressed ________.A) more frequently in malesB) more frequently in femalesC)...
A couple whose blood types are A (IAi) and B (IBi) may have a child with which of the following blood types?
A couple whose blood types are A (IAi) and B (IBi) may have a child with which of the following blood types?A) AB onlyB) A or B onlyC) A, B, AB, or OD)...
Amy's hand was exposed to X rays. A gene in a skin cell of her hand mutated. This mutant gene will ________.
Amy's hand was exposed to X rays. A gene in a skin cell of her hand mutated. This mutant gene will ________.A) definitely cause skin cancerB) replicate...
The main way a recessive allele would be expressed even when only one copy is present would be ________.
The main way a recessive allele would be expressed even when only one copy is present would be ________.A) dominanceB) recessive inheritanceC) sex-linked...
_______ is the most common type of fetal testing.
_______ is the most common type of fetal testing.A) Blood chemistryB) AmniocentesisC) A DNA probeD) CVSAnswer: B) Amniocente...
Huntington's disease involves ________.
Huntington's disease involves ________.A) hypersecretion of growth hormoneB) the presence of an extra chromosomeC) degeneration of the basal nuclei of...
Which of the following statements is true concerning genetic screening?
Which of the following statements is true concerning genetic screening?A) Screening is illegal in over half of the world.B) Screening can be done only...
A chromosomal aberration in which part of a chromosome is lost is known as ________.
A chromosomal aberration in which part of a chromosome is lost is known as ________.A) deletionB) inversionC) translocationD) crossing-overAnswer: A)...
Inheritance of stature (height) in humans is probably due to ________.
Inheritance of stature (height) in humans is probably due to ________.A) polyploidyB) polymorphismC) incomplete dominanceD) polygene inheritanceAnswer: D)...
An individual who is heterozygous for a particular trait, yet expresses both alleles of that trait, is an example of ________.
An individual who is heterozygous for a particular trait, yet expresses both alleles of that trait, is an example of ________.A) dominanceB) recessive...
Which of the following is true concerning environmental influence on genetic expression?
Which of the following is true concerning environmental influence on genetic expression?A) It is impossible to alter in any way the expression of a gene...
Sex chromosomes of a normal male are ________.
Sex chromosomes of a normal male are ________.A) XXB) YYC) XYD) any of these, depending on the fatherAnswer:...
A woman has blond hair and brown eyes. This statement is best described as indicating ________.
A woman has blond hair and brown eyes. This statement is best described as indicating ________.A) allelic pairsB) recessive traitsC) phenotypeD) genotypeAnswer: C)...
In meiosis the spermatozoa that are produced are genetically unlike each other and unlike the cell that produces them. This is one reason for the great variation among humans. What causes this effect?
In meiosis the spermatozoa that are produced are genetically unlike each other and unlike the cell that produces them. This is one reason for the great...
The reason recessive genetic disorders are more frequent than disorders inherited as dominant is that ________.
The reason recessive genetic disorders are more frequent than disorders inherited as dominant is that ________.A) dominant genetic disorders are never...
The gene responsible for the condition known as sickle-cell anemia demonstrates ________.
The gene responsible for the condition known as sickle-cell anemia demonstrates ________.A) incomplete dominanceB) a dominant genetic disorderC) a sex-linked...
An example of multiple-allele inheritance is ________.
An example of multiple-allele inheritance is ________.A) the ABO blood groupB) the appearance of freckles on the skinC) the appearance of birthmarks on...
Recessive genes are usually expressed in humans only when ________.
Recessive genes are usually expressed in humans only when ________.A) they are coding for skin colorB) they are coding for genetic diseasesC) the organism...
Those characteristics that can be determined on superficial inspection of an individual are known as ________.
Those characteristics that can be determined on superficial inspection of an individual are known as ________.A) genotypicB) polygenicC) polyspermicD)...
Is genetic diversity due entirely to inherited genes on the sex chromosomes?
Is genetic diversity due entirely to inherited genes on the sex chromosomes?A) Yes, because the female has two X chromosomes and the male has only one...
A female infant is born with several hundred oocytes, each one genetically unique. This is due to ________.
A female infant is born with several hundred oocytes, each one genetically unique. This is due to ________.A) mutationB) recessive inheritanceC) chromosome...
Two alleles expressing exactly the same information for a trait are designated as ________.
Two alleles expressing exactly the same information for a trait are designated as ________.A) hemizygousB) monogamousC) heterozygousD) homozygousAnswer: D)...
Dominant alleles are so called because under most circumstances they ________.
Dominant alleles are so called because under most circumstances they ________.A) code for desired traits onlyB) suppress the expression of other allelesC)...
Select the correct statement about the special fetal blood vessels.
Select the correct statement about the special fetal blood vessels.A) The distal parts of the umbilical arteries form the superior vesical arteries.B)...
The decidua basalis is ________.
The decidua basalis is ________.A) destined to remain in the uterus after the birth of the infantB) located between the developing embryo and the myometriumC)...
Which of the following is not usually considered a teratogen?
Which of the following is not usually considered a teratogen?A) aspirinB) wineC) thalidomideD) German measlesAnswer: A) aspi...
Derivatives of the mesoderm include ________.
Derivatives of the mesoderm include ________.A) all nervous tissueB) endothelium of blood and lymph vesselsC) glandular derivatives of the digestive tractD)...
Derivatives of the endoderm include ________.
Derivatives of the endoderm include ________.A) epithelium of the respiratory tractB) synovial membranes of the jointsC) blood, bone marrow, and lymphoid...
Which of the choices below occurs if fertilization of the ovum occurs and implantation takes place?
Which of the choices below occurs if fertilization of the ovum occurs and implantation takes place?A) The corpus luteum is maintained until the placenta...
Implantation of the blastocyst is the result of all of the following except ________.
Implantation of the blastocyst is the result of all of the following except ________.A) phagocytosis by the trophoblast cellsB) proteolytic enzymes produced...
Cleavage as part of embryonic development is distinctive because it involves ________.
Cleavage as part of embryonic development is distinctive because it involves ________.A) cell division by mitosis with little or no growth between successive...
Which of the following is true in reference to what may pass through the placental barriers?
Which of the following is true in reference to what may pass through the placental barriers?A) nutrients and respiratory gases onlyB) hormones, blood...
Sperm move to the uterine tube through uterine contractions and the energy of their own flagella. What other factor is involved in sperm movement?
Sperm move to the uterine tube through uterine contractions and the energy of their own flagella. What other factor is involved in sperm movement?A) hormonal...
At which stage of labor is the "afterbirth" expelled?
At which stage of labor is the "afterbirth" expelled?A) dystociaB) expulsionC) placentalD) full dilationAnswer: C) placen...
Which hormone is not produced by the placenta?
Which hormone is not produced by the placenta?A) human placental lactogenB) human chorionic thyrotropinC) relaxinD) inhibinAnswer: D) inhi...
During which stage of labor is the fetus delivered?
During which stage of labor is the fetus delivered?A) dilation stageB) expulsion stageC) placental stageD) gastrula stageAnswer: B) expulsion st...
Muscle tissue is formed by the ________.
Muscle tissue is formed by the ________.A) mesodermB) ectodermC) endodermD) epidermAnswer: A) mesod...
Neural tissue is formed by the ________.
Neural tissue is formed by the ________.A) epidermB) endodermC) mesodermD) ectodermAnswer: D) ectod...
The trophoblast is mostly responsible for forming the ________.
The trophoblast is mostly responsible for forming the ________.A) allantoisB) archenteronC) placental tissueD) lining of the endometriumAnswer: C)...
The cardiovascular system of a newborn must be adjusted after the infant takes its first breath. Which of the following is also true?
The cardiovascular system of a newborn must be adjusted after the infant takes its first breath. Which of the following is also true?A) The foramen ovale...
How long is the egg viable and capable of being fertilized after it is ovulated?
How long is the egg viable and capable of being fertilized after it is ovulated?A) 12-24 hoursB) 24-36 hoursC) 36-72 hoursD) a full weekAnswer: A)...
Select the correct statement about fertilization.
Select the correct statement about fertilization.A) Both spermatozoa and the ovulated secondary oocyte remain viable for about 72 hours in the female...
Shortly after implantation ________.
Shortly after implantation ________.A) maternal blood sinuses bathe the inner cell massB) myometrical cells cover and seal off the blastocystC) the trophoblast...
The dorsal surface cells of the inner cell mass form ________.
The dorsal surface cells of the inner cell mass form ________.A) a structure called the embryonic discB) one of the fetal membranesC) the primitive streakD)...
A premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall is called ________.
A premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall is called ________.A) ectopic pregnancyB) abrupto placentaC) placenta previaD) placenta cleavageAnswer: B)...
The correct sequence of preembryonic structures is ________.
The correct sequence of preembryonic structures is ________.A) zygote, blastocyst, morulaB) zygote, morula, blastocystC) blastocyst, morula, zygoteD)...
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