Two amino acids are linked by a peptide bond when -

Two amino acids are linked by a peptide bond when - a. two ribosomes attach simultaneously to the same mRNA transcript b. two tRNAs pair with neighboring...

In eukaryotic cells, RNA is copied from DNA in the -

In eukaryotic cells, RNA is copied from DNA in the - a. ribosomes b. nucleus c. nuclear membrane d. cytosol Answer: ...

During translation, one end of a tRNA molecule pairs with a complementary -

During translation, one end of a tRNA molecule pairs with a complementary - a. nucleotide sequence in DNA b. mRNA codon c. tRNA molecule d. protein...

The genetic code specifies the correlation between -

The genetic code specifies the correlation between - a. a DNA-nucleotide sequence and an RNA-nucleotide sequence b. an mRNA-nucleotide sequence and...

A protein is a polymer consisting of a specific sequence of -

A protein is a polymer consisting of a specific sequence of - a. amino acids b. fatty acids c. RNA nucleotides d. DNA nucleotides Answer:...

Which of the following enzymes is involved with breaking hydrogen bonds

Which of the following enzymes is involved with breaking hydrogen bonds a. DNA polymerase b. DNA ligase c. DNA helices d. both a and b Answer:...

A mutation is a -

A mutation is a - a. change in the direction of a replication fork b. form of cancer c. kind of DNA replication d. change in the nucleotide sequence...

In replication in prokaryotes, -

In replication in prokaryotes, - a. there are two origins b. two replication forks move in opposite directions c. replication proceeds in one direction d....

Replication of the two DNA strands takes place -

Replication of the two DNA strands takes place -  a. in two different directions b. in the same direction of the replication fork c. in a direction...

Before replication can take place, -

Before replication can take place, - a. DNA polymerases must add complementary nucleotides to the DNA b. the two strands of DNA must separate c. the...

The percentage of adenine in DNA is -

The percentage of adenine in DNA is -  a. equal to the percentage of cytosine b. equal to the percentage of thymine c. not related to the percentage...

Which of the following is NOT a correct structure of a nucleotide -

Which of the following is NOT a correct structure of a nucleotide -  a. adenine - deoxyribose - phosphate b. adenine - ribose - phosphate c....

According to the base-pairing rules, guanine binds with -

According to the base-pairing rules, guanine binds with - a. cytosine b. adenine c. thymine d. guanine Answer:...

The two strands of a DNA molecule are held together by -

The two strands of a DNA molecule are held together by -  a. ionic bonds b. covalent bonds c. peptide bonds d. hydrogen bonds Answer:...

The primary function of DNA in cells is to -

The primary function of DNA in cells is to - a. serve as a storage form for unsaved nucleotides b. occupy space in the nucleus to keep the nucleus...

In a dihybrid cross between an individual with the genotype RRYY and an individual with the genotype rryy, all of the offspring will have the genotype

In a dihybrid cross between an individual with the genotype RRYY and an individual with the genotype rryy, all of the offspring will have the genotype  a....

To determine the genotype of an individual that shows the dominant phenotype, you would cross that individual with one that is

To determine the genotype of an individual that shows the dominant phenotype, you would cross that individual with one that is  a. heterozygous...

A monohybrid cross of two individuals that are heterozygous for a trait exhibiting complete dominance would probably result in a phenotypic ratio of

A monohybrid cross of two individuals that are heterozygous for a trait exhibiting complete dominance would probably result in a phenotypic ratio of  a....

A genetic cross performed many times produces 798 long-stemmed plants and 266 short-stemmed plants. The probability of obtaining a short-stemmed plant in a similar cross is

A genetic cross performed many times produces 798 long-stemmed plants and 266 short-stemmed plants. The probability of obtaining a short-stemmed plant...

The appearance of an organism is its

The appearance of an organism is its  a. genotype b. phenotype c. genotypic ratio d. phenotypic ration Answer:...

When alleles for different characteristics are on separate chromosomes, they are distributed to gametes independently. This observation is summarized by the law of

When alleles for different characteristics are on separate chromosomes, they are distributed to gametes independently. This observation is summarized...

A cross between true-breeding green-podded pea plants and true-breeding yellow-podded pea plants produces only green-podded plants. When the F1 generation is allowed to self-pollinate, the F2 generation consists of

A cross between true-breeding green-podded pea plants and true-breeding yellow-podded pea plants produces only green-podded plants. When the F1 generation...

When Mendel crossed a strain of tall pea plants with a strain of short pea plants, he observed that all of the plants in the F1 generation were tall. This suggests that

When Mendel crossed a strain of tall pea plants with a strain of short pea plants, he observed that all of the plants in the F1 generation were tall....

Mendel obtained plants that were true-breeding for particular traits by

Mendel obtained plants that were true-breeding for particular traits by  a. growing plants from the seeds of other plants that showed that trait b....

Which of the following statements is false or incorrect?

Which of the following statements is false or incorrect?  A) Cardiac muscle contracts when stimulated by its own autorhythmic muscle cells. B)...

What part of the sarcolemma contains acetylcholine receptors?

What part of the sarcolemma contains acetylcholine receptors?  A) motor end plate B) end of the muscle fiber C) part adjacent to another muscle...

Hypothetically, if a muscle were stretched to the point where thick and thin filaments no longer overlapped, ________.

Hypothetically, if a muscle were stretched to the point where thick and thin filaments no longer overlapped, ________.  A) cross bridge attachment...

Of the following muscle types, which has only one nucleus, no sarcomeres, and rare gap junctions?

Of the following muscle types, which has only one nucleus, no sarcomeres, and rare gap junctions?  A) visceral smooth muscle B) multiunit smooth...

Three discrete types of muscle fibers are identified on the basis of their size, speed, and endurance. Which of the following athletic endeavors best represents the use of red fibers?

Three discrete types of muscle fibers are identified on the basis of their size, speed, and endurance. Which of the following athletic endeavors best...

What is the most distinguishing characteristic of muscle tissue?

What is the most distinguishing characteristic of muscle tissue?  A) the design of the fibers B) the ability to respond to nervous stimulation C)...

Which of the following statements is most accurate?

Which of the following statements is most accurate?  A) Muscle tension remains relatively constant during isotonic contraction. B) T tubules...

After nervous stimulation stops, what prevents ACh in the synaptic cleft from continuing to stimulate contraction?

After nervous stimulation stops, what prevents ACh in the synaptic cleft from continuing to stimulate contraction?  A) calcium ions returning...

The sliding filament model of contraction involves ________.

The sliding filament model of contraction involves ________.  A) actin and myosin sliding past each other and partially overlapping B) the...

Muscle tone is ________.

Muscle tone is ________.  A) the ability of a muscle to efficiently cause skeletal movements B) the feeling of well-being following exercise C)...

An anaerobic metabolic pathway that results in the production of two net ATPs per glucose plus two pyruvic acid molecules is ________.

An anaerobic metabolic pathway that results in the production of two net ATPs per glucose plus two pyruvic acid molecules is ________.  A) the...

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following statements is true?  A) Cardiac muscle cells have many nuclei. B) Smooth muscle cells have T tubules. C) Striated muscle...

The giant protein titin maintains the organization of the ________ assisting in muscle stretching.

The giant protein titin maintains the organization of the ________ assisting in muscle stretching.  A) A band B) I band C) Z disc D) M line Answer:...

Muscle tissue has all of the following properties except ________.

Muscle tissue has all of the following properties except ________.  A) secretion B) contractility C) extensibility D) excitability Answer:...

Smooth muscle is characterized by all of the following except ________.

Smooth muscle is characterized by all of the following except ________.  A) it appears to lack troponin B) there are more thick filaments than...

Which of the following is true about smooth muscle?

Which of the following is true about smooth muscle?  A) Certain smooth muscle cells can actually divide to increase their numbers. B) Smooth...

Which of the following is not a role of ionic calcium in muscle contraction?

Which of the following is not a role of ionic calcium in muscle contraction?  A) triggers neurotransmitter secretion B) binds with troponin C)...

Which of the following describes the cells of unitary smooth muscle?

Which of the following describes the cells of unitary smooth muscle?  A) They depend upon recruitment using the autonomic nervous system. B)...

The mechanism of contraction in smooth muscle is different from skeletal muscle in that ________.

The mechanism of contraction in smooth muscle is different from skeletal muscle in that ________.  A) actin and myosin interact by the sliding...

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events for muscle contractions?

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events for muscle contractions?  A) motor neuron action potential, neurotransmitter release,...

The muscle cell membrane is called the ________.

The muscle cell membrane is called the ________.  A) endomysium B) sarcolemma C) perimysium D) epimysium Answer:...

In an isotonic contraction, the muscle ________.

In an isotonic contraction, the muscle ________.  A) changes in length and moves the "load" B) does not change in length but increases tension C)...

When a muscle is unable to respond to stimuli temporarily, it is in which of the following periods?

When a muscle is unable to respond to stimuli temporarily, it is in which of the following periods?  A) relaxation period B) refractory period C)...

During vigorous exercise, there may be insufficient oxygen available to completely break down pyruvic acid for energy. As a result, the pyruvic acid is converted to ________.

During vigorous exercise, there may be insufficient oxygen available to completely break down pyruvic acid for energy. As a result, the pyruvic acid...

Which of the following is not a connective tissue sheath that wraps individual muscle fibers?

Which of the following is not a connective tissue sheath that wraps individual muscle fibers?  A) endomysium B) perimysium C) epimysium D) aponeurosis Answer:...

Which of the following is not a component of the standard treatment for muscle strain?

Which of the following is not a component of the standard treatment for muscle strain?  A) rest of the muscle B) ice on the muscle C) elevation...

What is the role of calcium ions in muscle contraction?

What is the role of calcium ions in muscle contraction?  A) form hydroxyapatite crystals B) reestablish glycogen stores C) bind to regulatory...

What is the functional role of the T tubules?

What is the functional role of the T tubules?  A) stabilize the G and F actin B) enhance cellular communication during muscle contraction C)...

What is the functional unit of a skeletal muscle called?

What is the functional unit of a skeletal muscle called?  A) a sarcomere B) a myofilament C) a myofibril D) the sarcoplasmic reticulum Answer:...

The contractile units of skeletal muscles are ________.

The contractile units of skeletal muscles are ________.  A) microtubules B) mitochondria C) T tubules D) myofibrils Answer:...

The oxygen-binding protein found in muscle cells is ________.

The oxygen-binding protein found in muscle cells is ________.  A) hemoglobin B) ATP C) myoglobin D) immunoglobin Answer:...

The term aponeurosis refers to ________.

The term aponeurosis refers to ________.  A) the bands of myofibrils B) a sheetlike indirect attachment to a skeletal element C) the rough endoplasmic...

Which of the choices below does not describe how excess postexercise oxygen consumption (oxygen deficit) restores metabolic conditions?

Which of the choices below does not describe how excess postexercise oxygen consumption (oxygen deficit) restores metabolic conditions?  A)...

Rigor mortis occurs because ________.

Rigor mortis occurs because ________.  A) the cells are dead B) sodium ions leak into the muscle causing continued contractions C) no ATP is...

Which of the following surrounds the individual muscle cell?

Which of the following surrounds the individual muscle cell?  A) perimysium B) endomysium C) epimysium D) fascicle Answer:...

During muscle contraction, myosin cross bridges attach to which active sites?

During muscle contraction, myosin cross bridges attach to which active sites?  A) myosin filaments B) actin filaments C) Z discs D) thick filaments Answer:...

What produces the striations of a skeletal muscle cell?

What produces the striations of a skeletal muscle cell?  A) a difference in the thickness of the sarcolemma B) the arrangement of myofilaments C)...

The major function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle contraction is to ________.

The major function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle contraction is to ________.  A) make and store phosphocreatine B) synthesize actin...

What is the primary function of wave summation?

What is the primary function of wave summation?  A) produce smooth, continuous muscle contraction B) increase muscle tension C) prevent muscle...

Creatine phosphate functions in the muscle cell by ________.

Creatine phosphate functions in the muscle cell by ________.  A) forming a temporary chemical compound with myosin B) forming a chemical compound...

Immediately following the arrival of the stimulus at a skeletal muscle cell there is a short period called the ________ period during which the neurotransmitter is released by exocytosis, diffuses across the synaptic cleft, and binds to its receptors.

Immediately following the arrival of the stimulus at a skeletal muscle cell there is a short period called the ________ period during which the neurotransmitter...

What does excess postexercise oxygen consumption represent?

What does excess postexercise oxygen consumption represent?  A) amount of oxygen needed for aerobic activity to accomplish the same amount of...

What structure in skeletal muscle cells functions in calcium storage?

What structure in skeletal muscle cells functions in calcium storage?  A) sarcoplasmic reticulum B) mitochondria C) intermediate filament network D)...

Myoglobin ________.

Myoglobin ________.  A) breaks down glycogen B) is a protein involved in the direct phosphorylation of ADP C) stores oxygen in muscle cells D)...

Which of the following is a factor that affects the velocity and duration of muscle contraction?

Which of the following is a factor that affects the velocity and duration of muscle contraction?  A) number of muscle fibers stimulated B) size...

Excitation-contraction coupling requires which of the following substances?

Excitation-contraction coupling requires which of the following substances? A) Ca2+ and ATP B) Ca2+ only C) ATP only D) ATP and glucose Answer:...

Which of the following would be recruited later in muscle stimulation when contractile strength increases?

Which of the following would be recruited later in muscle stimulation when contractile strength increases?  A) motor units with the longest muscle...

The strongest muscle contractions are normally achieved by ________.

The strongest muscle contractions are normally achieved by ________.  A) increasing stimulus above the threshold B) increasing stimulus above...

Fatigued muscle cells that recover rapidly are the products of ________.

Fatigued muscle cells that recover rapidly are the products of ________.  A) intense exercise of long duration B) intense exercise of short duration C)...

Most skeletal muscles contain ________.

Most skeletal muscles contain ________.  A) muscle fibers of the same type B) a mixture of fiber types C) a predominance of slow oxidative fibers D)...

Which muscle cells have the greatest ability to regenerate?

Which muscle cells have the greatest ability to regenerate?  A) skeletal B) cardiac C) smooth D) no muscle can regenerate Answer:...

What is the role of tropomyosin in skeletal muscles?

What is the role of tropomyosin in skeletal muscles?  A) Tropomyosin is the chemical that activates the myosin heads. B) Tropomyosin serves...